19 times table

The 19 times table up to 19 × 12

The 19 times table is 19, 38, 57, 76, 95, 114, 133, 152, 171, 190, 209, 228. It goes past the 12 × 12 multiplication chart, so most schools do not require it: the Common Core stops at one-digit facts and England at 12 × 12. It looks hard, but it is only one step away from the 20 times table, so a child who knows the 2s can find every answer. The chart above has every fact, and "Hide answers" turns it into a quick self-check.

Multiplication by 19 as 20 − 1

Multiplication by 19 is the easiest of the big tables once you see it: multiply by 20, then take one group away. 19 × 4 = 80 − 4 = 76; 19 × 6 = 120 − 6 = 114; 19 × 12 = 240 − 12 = 228. A child who knows the 2 times table can do the 20s, and from there every 19s fact is one small step.

Last digits counting down

Write the 19 times table in a column: 19, 38, 57, 76, 95, 114, 133, 152, 171, 190. The last digits count down 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0. In shops, 19 is everywhere: "4 books at $19 each" is 80 − 4 = $76.

19 times table games and worksheet

The trainer asks the 19 times table out of order with a keypad. The facts children mix up most are 19 × 7 = 133, 19 × 8 = 152 and 19 × 9 = 171 (143, 162 and 181 are the usual slips), so the game brings a missed fact back two or three questions later until it is right three times in a row. When the round feels easy, take the speed test and then the test for the diploma. The 19 times table worksheet prints 30 problems with the answer key on page 2, and the third sheet practices the trick.

A tip for parents

Say the 20s fact out loud first ("20 × 8 = 160"), then "minus 8". The step from 160 to 152 is where the thinking happens, so give it a second. Ask the facts the other way round too: 7 × 19 is the same as 19 × 7.